The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious trophy on fourteen separate times.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match featuring the French league winners and the French Cup winners after the French winger found the scoring early on.
However, Marseille struck twice late to take a shock lead. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the dying seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the past thirteen seasons.